Table 2 Average ECB and WMB scores, descriptive statistics of potential predictors, and Cronbach’s alpha
Items | Mean/N | ±/% | Cronbach' s α |
|---|---|---|---|
ECB 1: Involvement in biological conservation activities | 3.6 | ±1.0 | .814 |
ECB 2: Involvement in ecological conservation activities | 3.3 | ±1.2 | .818 |
Total ECB score | 3.6 | ±0.9 | - |
WMB 1: Involvement in reusing and recycling products | 3.0 | ±1.0 | .813 |
WMB 2: Involvement in waste reduction behavior | 1.9 | ±1.1 | .818 |
Total WMB score | 2.5 | ±0.8 | − |
Gender | − | ||
Male | 45 | 43.8% | |
Female | 57 | 56.3% | |
Age | 47 | ±14.8 | − |
Education | − | ||
Primary school degree | 47 | 46.1% | |
High school degree | 27 | 26.5% | |
University degree | 28 | 27.5% | |
Career | − | ||
Gardener/Fisherman | 52 | 51.0% | |
Merchant/Personal businessman | 17 | 16.7% | |
Governmental officer | 10 | 9.8% | |
Student | 6 | 5.8% | |
Laborer | 17 | 16.7% | |
Income | 19,200.7 | ±3,961.5 | − |
Period of time living in the community | 39.3 | ±16.5 | − |
Community norm | 3.7 | ±1.1 | .821 |
Knowledge related to environmental phenomena | 3.7 | ±0.8 | .816 |
Knowledge related to causes of environmental degradation | 3.5 | ±0.8 | .817 |
Knowledge related to action strategies | 3.4 | ±0.9 | .814 |
Self-efficacy | 3.7 | ±0.7 | .821 |
Sense of obligation | 2.8 | ±1.0 | .826 |
Perceived local environmental values/recreational value | 4.5 | ±0.6 | .825 |
Perceived local environmental values/residential value | 4.4 | ±0.7 | .825 |
Environmental worldview | − | ||
The balance of nature is very fragile and easily disrupted. | 3.8 | ±0.7 | .826 |
Human activities sometimes contribute to environmental changes | 3.7 | ±0.9 | .824 |
Human beings have the right to modify the environment in response to their needs | 3.8 | ±0.8 | .813 |
The ecological system exists to support human needs.- | 3.6 | ±1.0 | .817 |
Development has its limitations, and population growth is higher than nature can support | 3.8 | ±1.0 | .821 |
Average total score of environmental worldview | 3.7 | ±2.0 | − |
Place dependence | 4.1 | ±1.0 | .819 |
Place identity | 4.2 | ±1.1 | .819 |
Life satisfaction | |||
Satisfaction with life overall | 3.9 | ±0.9 | .816 |
Satisfaction with social environment in the community | 4.1 | ±0.9 | .816 |
Satisfaction with income-expenditure balance | 3.5 | ±1.1 | .821 |
Average mean score of life satisfaction | 3.8 | ±0.8 | − |