Table 1 The Brey categories abridged
From: The use of digital twins in healthcare: socio-ethical benefits and socio-ethical risks
• Impact on individuals ○ Health and body ○ Pain and suffering ○ Psychological effect ○ Effect on human capabilities ○ Environmental impact | • Justice ○ Just distribution of primary goods, capabilities, risks and hazards ○ Nondiscrimination and equal treatment relative to age, gender, sexual orientation etc. ○ North–south justice ○ Intergenerational justice |
• Rights ○ Freedom ○ Autonomy ○ Human dignity ○ Privacy ○ Property ○ Other basic human rights as specified in human rights declarations (e.g., to life, to have a fair trial etc.) ○ Animal rights and animal welfare | • Well-being and the common good ○ Happiness and virtue ○ Vital social institutions and structures ○ Democracy and democratic institutions ○ Culture and cultural diversity |